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Wednesday, March 7, 2012

What else could be wrong with Ötzi?


I've always had a soft spot for Ötzi, maybe because of that appealing umlaut atop his initial letter, or maybe it is just my thing for sensitive caveman-types. (It definitely is not his ponytail, if that is what that hank of hair is.) So I was distressed to read this article in yesterday's Times, about the all the things that may have, could have ailed poor Ötzi. Was he also allergic to peanuts?


Observatory
Lactose Intolerant, Before Milk Was on Menu
By SINDYA N. BHANOO
Published: March 5, 2012

Since it was discovered in 1991, preserved in 5,300 years’ worth of ice and snow in the Italian Alps, the body of the so-called Tyrolean Iceman has yielded a great deal of information. Scientists have learned his age (about 46), that he had knee problems, and how he died (by the shot of an arrow).
Now, researchers have sequenced the complete genome of the iceman, nicknamed Ötzi, and discovered even more intriguing details. They report in the journal Nature Communications that he had brown eyes and brown hair, was lactose intolerant and had Type O blood.

The lactose intolerance makes sense, said Albert Zink, an anthropologist at the European Academy of Research in Bolzano, Italy, who was one of the study’s authors.

“In early times, there was no need to digest milk as an adult because there were no domesticated animals,” Dr. Zink said. “This genetic change took hundreds of years to occur.”

But the scientists were surprised to find that Ötzi had a strong predisposition to heart disease. “If he wasn’t shot with an arrow, it would have been possible that he might have had a heart attack soon after,” Dr. Zink said.

Heart disease is often thought of as a modern problem, associated with rich food and limited physical exertion. “But obviously this disease was present already 5,000 years ago,” Dr. Zink said. “So now we can get a better understanding why such diseases develop.”

Researchers also suspect the man may have had Lyme disease, and further study could yield insight into the disease’s origins.

Today, Ötzi can be viewed at the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano.

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